Ngokubanzi, ukuba ukuthwala kusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo, kunokusetyenziswa kude kufike ubomi bokudinwa. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho ingozi ngengozi phambi kwexesha, kwaye ayinakukwazi ukumelana nokusetyenziswa. Olu hlobo lomonakalo kwangethuba, ngokuchasene nobomi bokukhathala, ngumda wokusetyenziswa komgangatho obizwa ngokuba kukusilela okanye ngengozi. Ininzi ibangelwa kukungakhathali, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nokuthanjiswa, izinto zangaphandle zihlaselwe zivela ngaphandle, kunye nophando olwaneleyo kwiziphumo ze-thermal ze-shafts kunye ne-housings.
Ngokumalunga nomonakalo wobume bokuthwala, njenge: i-jam yesangqa kunye nobambo lwe-roller roller, izizathu zinokuqwalaselwa: i-lubricant engonelanga, ukungahambelani, iziphene kunikezelo lweoyile kunye nolwakhiwo lwamanzi, ukungeniswa kwemicimbi yangaphandle, ukuthwala ufakelo impazamo, ishafti ephambeneyo Ukuba ingoma inkulu kakhulu, ezi zizathu ziya kugqitha.
Ke ngoko, kunzima ukwazi oyena nobangela womonakalo kuphela ngophando ngomonakalo onawo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uyabazi oomatshini abasetyenzisiweyo, iimeko zokusetyenziswa, ubume obujikeleze ukuthwala, imeko ngaphambi nasemva kwengozi, idityaniswe nemeko yokonakala kwebala kunye nezizathu ezininzi, unokuthintela iingozi ezifanayo ekubeni zenzeke kwakhona.
a. Ubungqingqwa besithuba esingaphakathi nesangaphandle masihambelane, kwaye ukufana phakathi kwamacala omabini esithuba akufuneki kudlule kwi-0.002mm.
b. Iibherethi kufuneka zikhethwe. Umahluko wobubanzi obungaphakathi kunye nobubanzi obungaphandle beqela ngalinye leebheringi kufuneka bube phakathi kwe-0.002 mm kunye ne-0.003 mm, kwaye kufuneka igcinwe phakathi kwe-0.004 mm kunye ne-0.008 mm kunye nomngxuma wezindlu naphakathi kwe-0.0025 mm kunye ne-0.005 mm kunye nejenali. Kofakelo lokwenyani, kungcono ukulungelelanisa ukuthwala nobhontsi wezandla zombini.
c. Ukujikeleza komngxuma wokuhlala ophetheyo kunye nejenali, ukulungelelana kuzo zombini iziphelo zomngxuma wezindlu, kunye nomjikelo weradial ye-radial akufuneki idlule kwi-0.003mm.
d. Ubuso bokugqibela bamalungu adibanayo nobuso bokugqibela beeringi zokuthwala kufuneka zifakwe umbala ukuze zihlolwe, kwaye indawo yokudibana kufuneka ingabi ngaphantsi kwe-80%.
e. Kufuneka ifakwe kwicala elililo. Oko kukuthi, elona nqanaba liphezulu lokubaleka kweeradial yazo zonke izangqa zangaphakathi ezinxibelelene nelona nqaku lisezantsi lephepha le-radial runout, kwaye elona nqanaba liphezulu lokubaleka kwerali yangaphandle kufuneka libe kumgca othe ngqo xa kufakwe kumngxunya wezindlu.
Zininzi izinto ezinokuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo yeebheringi eziqengqelekayo, ezinokuthi zichazwe ngakumbi ngokusetyenziswa kunye nezinto zangaphakathi.
Into yokusetyenziswa ikakhulu ibhekisa ekubeni uhlengahlengiso lofakelo, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kuyahlangabezana neemfuno zobugcisa. Ngokweemfuno zobugcisa zokuqengqeleka kokuthwala ufakelo, ukusetyenziswa, ukugcinwa kunye nokugcinwa, umthwalo, isantya, iqondo lobushushu lokusebenza, ukungcangcazela, ingxolo kunye neemeko zokuthambisa ziqhutywa zijongwa kwaye zihlolwe. Ukuba kufunyenwe into engaqhelekanga, unobangela uya kufunyanwa kwangoko kwaye uhlengahlengiswe ukuze ubuyele esiqhelweni. Imeko yofakelo yenye yezinto eziphambili kwizinto ezisetyenziswayo. Ukuthwala kuhlala kubangelwa kukufakwa okungafanelekanga, okubangela ukuba imeko yoxinzelelo yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zebhere zitshintshe. Ukuthwala kuhamba kwimeko engaqhelekanga kwaye kuphelisa ubomi bayo benkonzo kwangoko.
Amandla amakhulu okanye amancinci asetyenziswayo xa ufaka i-bearing ayakuchaphazela ukusebenza kunye nobomi bokuthwala, kwaye kubangele nokonakalisa ukuzala. Oku kulandelayo ziingcebiso ezine ekufuneka zihlawulwe kwinkqubo yokusebenzisa amandla.
1. Amandla afakiweyo kufuneka azinze kwaye afane, ngaphandle kwempembelelo. Oku kufuna ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo lweoyile okanye izixhobo ezinokuthi zisebenzise amandla okutsala agudileyo okanye uxinzelelo. Xa ihammer iyimfuneko ngenene, kufuneka idluliswe kwimikhono ethambileyo yobhedu. Isinyithi esiwayo sijijisiwe, kwaye amandla agadlayo athambile ngangokunokwenzeka. Kukulungele ukusebenzisa intonga yobhedu okanye isando sobhedu ngesando.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kufuneka kuqhubeke de ugqitywe umsebenzi. Umzekelo, xa ibheringi ifakiwe, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kufuneka kumiswe xa ukubekwa kufakwe nje kwindawo efanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuso bokugqibela bendandatho (isher washer) buchasene nomngxunya wokuhlala okanye isiphelo sobuso beshafti igxalaba, kwaye alinakucudiswa. Iqinile kakhulu ukuba inganela indawo yayo.
3. Isiphumo sombane osetyenzisiweyo sidlula kwi-axis ye-bearing kangangoko kunokwenzeka, efuna ukuba indawo yokufaka amandla iyalingana, iyalingana kwaye izinzile, kwaye amandla asetyenziswa ngaphezulu komhlaba okanye ngokungqinelana ne-axis.
4. Kunqande ukusebenzisa amandla ngokusebenzisa izinto eziqengqelekayo, ezifuna ukufaka amandla ngokusebenzisa iringi yangaphakathi xa uhlanganisa kwaye usasaza iringi yangaphakathi (isaringi yesangqa), kunye nokufaka amandla ngokusebenzisa iringi yangaphandle xa uhlanganisa kwaye usasaza iringi engaphandle.
(1) Isiphumo sombane osetyenzisiweyo sidlula kwi-axis yebheringi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, efuna indawo yesicelo ukuba ifane, ilingane kwaye izinze, isebenzise amandla ngomphezulu ongaphezulu okanye ngokuhambelana ne-axis.
(2) Amandla asetyenzisiweyo kufuneka azinze kwaye afane, kwaye akufuneki ukuba achaphazeleke. Oku kufuna ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo lweoyile okanye izixhobo ezinokuthi zifake uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo okanye uxinzelelo. Xa ihammer iyimfuneko ngenene, kufuneka idluliswe kwimikhono ethambileyo yobhedu. Isinyithi esingawi sihlanjululwe, kwaye amandla ahlaselayo athambile ngangokunokwenzeka. Kukulungele ukusebenzisa intonga yobhedu okanye isando sobhedu ngesando.
(3) Kulumkele ukusebenzisa amandla ngokusebenzisa izinto eziqengqelekayo, ezifuna ukufaka amandla ngeringi yangaphakathi xa uhlanganisa kwaye uqaqa iringi yangaphakathi (isangqa seshafti), kunye nokusebenzisa amandla ngokusebenzisa iringi yangaphandle xa uhlanganisa kwaye ususa iringi engaphandle.
(4) Umkhosi wokutsala kufuneka uqhubeke ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, xa ibheringi ifakiwe, umkhosi kufuneka unqunyanyiswe xa ukubekwa kufakwe nje kwindawo efanelekileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umphezulu womsesane (isher washer) uyachaphazela umphezulu womngxuma wokuhlala okanye igxalaba le shaft. Ayinakudinwa ngokuqinileyo, kwaye ayinakufakwa ngokungachanekanga.
1. Akuvumelekile ukubhola, i-groove, i-chamfer, okanye isiphelo semoto ebusweni ngexesha lokufakwa. Ngaphandle koko, kulula ukubangela ukuguqa kwendandatho yokuthwala, echaphazela ukuchaneka kunye nobomi bokuthwala. Kwangelo xesha, isinyithi esisikiweyo singena ngokulula kwindawo yokusebenza kwebheringi, sikhawulezisa ukunxiba kwendlela yomdyarho kunye nokuqengqeleka, kwaye sibangele umonakalo kwangaphambi kokuthwala.
2. Akuvumelekile ukubetha ngokuthe ngqo iringi ephethe isando ngesando ngexesha lofakelo. Ubuso bokugqibela bokubonisa obufakwe kufakwe kufutshane nesheft ngaphakathi. Umphezulu wokuphela kobungqina bokuthwala wahlukile ngokungqinelana nokuba umphezulu wokugqibela othweleyo uchwethezwe okanye hayi. Ukuthwala iibheringi zebhola emqengqeleki, iibheringi zebhola ezizimeleyo, iibheringi ze-roller zezinto ezijikelezayo, iibheringi ze-roller ezijikelezayo kunye neebheringi zeenaliti, umphezulu wokugqibela ngaphandle kweeleta usetyenziswa njengendawo ekubhekiswa kuyo; Ukudibana okumbombo kweebheringi zebhola kunye neebheringi ezinamathelisi, ubuso bokugqibela ngoonobumba busetyenziswa njengendawo ekubhekiswa kuyo.
3. Uxinzelelo kufuneka lufakwe kwisiphelo sobuso bendandatho yokufakelwa kokuphazamiseka ngexesha lokufakwa, oko kukuthi, xa kufakwe kwishafti, uxinzelelo kufuneka lusetyenziswe kumphezulu wokuphela kwendandatho yangaphakathi ethweleyo; xa ifakiwe kumngxunya wokuthwala izindlu, uxinzelelo kufuneka lusetyenziswe ngaphandle kobuso bokujikeleza kwesangqa. Akuvumelekile ukudlulisa uxinzelelo kwizinto ezijikelezayo kunye nokubamba.
4. Ukuthwala iibheringi ezinoxinano lwendandatho yangaphakathi kunye nokutyibilika kwesangqa sangaphandle, xa ufaka, uhlobo olungazahluliyo kufuneka kuqala lufakele ukubamba kwishafti, emva koko ufake ishafti kunye nokuthwala ungene endlwini. umngxuma wendlu yokuhlala; Kuhlobo lokwahlulahlula, imisesane yangaphakathi neyangaphandle inokufakwa ngokwahlukeneyo.
5. Ukuthintela ukufakelwa kokuthwala ekuthambekeni, umgca osembindini weshafti kunye nomngxunya wokuthwala kufuneka ungqinelane ngexesha lofakelo. Ukuba ufakelo aluchanekanga, ukuthwala kufuneka kukhutshwe ngaphandle kobuso beringi yangaphakathi xa kufuneka ukufakwa kwakhona. Nokuba ukubekwa kufakwe ngokuchanekileyo okanye akunampembelelo ngqo kubomi bayo kunye nokuchaneka kweinjini eziphambili. Ukuba ifakwe ngokungafanelekanga, ukuthwala akuyi kuba ne-vibration kuphela, ingxolo ephezulu, ukuchaneka okuphantsi, ukwanda kweqondo lobushushu, kodwa kunye nomngcipheko wokubambeka kunye nokutshiswa; ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba ifakwe kakuhle, ayizukuqinisekisa ngokuchaneka kuphela, kodwa iya kwandisa kakhulu ubomi bayo. Ke ngoko, emva kokufakwa kwebheringi, kufuneka ihlolwe.
Ukulungisa ukucoca i-axial ukufakela i-axial clearance ye-tapered roller iibheringi, ungasebenzisa i-nut yokulungelelanisa kwiphephancwadi, i-washer yokulungisa kunye nomsonto kumngxunya wokuhlala, okanye usebenzise intwasahlobo yokulinganisa. Ubungakanani bokususwa kwe-axial buhambelana nelungiselelo lokuthwala, umgama phakathi kweebheringi, kunye nezinto ze-shaft kunye nesihlalo sokuthwala, kwaye sinokumiselwa ngokweemeko zokusebenza.
Ukuthwala iibheringi ezinamathambo ezinemithwalo ephezulu kunye nesantya esiphezulu, xa uhlengahlengisa ukucoca, umphumo wokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kwimvume ye-axial kufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo, kunye nokunciphisa ukususwa okubangelwe kukunyuka kweqondo lobushushu kufuneka kuqikelelwe, okt. kufuneka ihlengahlengiswe ukuze ibe nkulu.
Ukuhamba ngesantya esisezantsi kunye neebheringi ezithwala ukungcangcazela, ukufakelwa okungenasimahla okanye ukufakelwa kwangaphambili komthwalo kufuneka kwamkelwe. Injongo yayo kukwenza izileyi kunye neendlela zokubaleka zeebheringi ze-tapered zinxibelelane kakuhle, ngokulinganayo zisasaze umthwalo, kwaye zithintele iiroller kunye neendlela zendlela ukuba zonakaliswe kukungcangcazela kunye nefuthe. Emva kohlengahlengiso, ubungakanani bokususwa kwe-axial bujongwa ngesalathi sokucofa.